EFFECTIVE USE OF EXISTING RAILWAY RESOUCES IN COIMBATORE

                                                                                        

EFFECTIVE USE OF EXISTING RAILWAY RESOUCES IN COIMBATORE

BYE-PASSING of the Coimbatore junction by long haul trains  and  the

railways proposal   for  DOUBLING THE IRUGUR - POTHANUR single

railway line is generating strong opposition from a  influential

section of people.

WITH due respects to them ,  I would like to  draw your attention to

the possible benefits  of the above plans.

Not long ago GANDHIPURAM is the only destination for all city buses,

mofussil buses, THIRUVALLVAR STATE EXPRESS BUSES and expensive but

comfortable OMNI buses. It was convenient to all stakeholders;

travelling public and their friends and relatives  who are sending

them off  / receiving them, both public and private bus operators and

their staff, Taxi / Auto drivers,  traders, lodging and boarding

houses ; almost all.

Then the Ukkadam, Singanallur, Mettupalayam mofussil bus stands  and

the OMNI bus stand near GP / ELLEN HOSPITALS were came into service.

Perhaps some more mofussil  bus stands may come up on AVINASHI ROAD (

peelamedu / kalapatti / CODDISIA )  and SATHY ROAD ( ganapathy). All

these new developments are not convenient to all sections of people.

Still we accepted it because of the inevitability of the change

necessitated by ever increasing crowd.

If we use same logic, then we will not only accept  but whole

heartedly welcome the   BYE-PASSING of the Coimbatore junction by long

haul trains  and  the railways proposal   for  DOUBLING THE IRUGUR -

POTHANUR single  railway line.

No TIER II city is so endowed with a super most energy efficient form

of Transport which is already available in our  Coimbatore. An MRTS

of ready availability ! (17 + 6 KILOMETRES of electrified  double railway track)

 To realize this potential, We must get away from the mind set of

Gandhipuram, RS puram, Race course centered city growth. Let us think

of Avinashi to Mettupalayam, Sathy to Pollachi, and Palakadu to

Somanur as part of Coimbatore Mega city

 We must treat Pothanur Railway Junction as  THE COIMBATORE DISTRICT

 ( or)  GREATER COIMBATORE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY JUNCTION for all the

Traffic passing through Coimbatore (Tirupur to Palakad and beyond

Traffic).   What is the point in   routing these long haul trains

through Singanallur, peelamedu etc.  to Coimbatore city junction

(without any stoppages  enroute ) consuming fuel, space, time  (of

both passengers and railways ) without any tangible / intangible

benefit to the common city folks, except the harassing / harassed

shopkeepers and the taxi / auto operators.

Frankly speaking, What is our problem with the Pothanur Railway

Junction? Lack of connectivity,  is it not?  It is not at all a

problem : rather it is a golden opportunity to   develop  a new  Bus

terminus near Pothanur Junction  with town buses,  mini buses, share

autos, ordinary autos, call taxies etc.  for the hassle free travel of

railway passengers boarding / alighting at pothanur. In effect , we

will have a satellite railway junction immediately  without any mega

investment.

  Thus freed railway line capacity between Irugur and Coimbatore

Junction via Singanallur and Peelamedu can be used for city commuter

traffic. THIS WILL BENEFIT ALL COIMBATOREANS (RESIDENTS AND VISITORS)

 It is not that we should abandon the Coimbatore junction. Rather, we

must make it more passenger friendly and congestion free for

Coimbatore city folks. Let us be very clear that all the trains

originating and terminating at Coimbatore junction should continue to

do so. Further, all the Coimbatore bound trains must stop at Irugur,

Singanallur, Peelamedu, Coimbatore North and some more stations/halts

to be created in proximity with Avinashi road (near CIT / CMC /

CODDISIA / IT PARKS), Avaram palayam Road ( near Sri Ramakrishna

Hospital),   Sathy Road (near Aswin Hospitals / Textool)  and a few

more if demand is there. In effect, it will make a significant segment

of the Coimbatore city roads free from traffic congestion. Especially,

it will make the Coimbatore junction    people friendly  and crowds

will be manageable. Also it will improve the connectivity and thereby

increase the  value of the residential / commercial / industrial

properties along the IRUGUR-PEELAMEDU-North Coimbatore railway line.

It will benefit not only the Coimbatore citizens but also the

frequently visiting populations from Palladam, Tirupur, Erode and

Salem, Palakadu, Mettupalayam etc, too.  And some more COIMBATORE

terminating  trains (both from Tirupur and Palakkadu ) can be extended

up to Mettupalayam so that we can reduce the enormous road traffic in

the Mettupalayam High way.  By applying the same principle, we can

serve commuters from Pollachi side too,  once the gauge conversion is

completed.

Perhaps,  we may discuss these ideas in

appropriate forums. { Coimbatore city corporation,  District

Administration, Railway  user groups, Educational Institutions, Trade

unions, CII and the likes, media (both print and electronic )

CODDISSIA, SIMA, SITRA etc.etc

PROPOSED WORKPLAN IN THE AREA OF  e -  BANKING TECHNOLOGY


Replace   petty cash of the customer  AND the cash box  at  the point
of sale with  mobile phone.

    To  begin with,  enabling the purchase of  unreserved RAIL TICKETs
  WITHOUT THE  presence of  ticketing clerks at the railway station
counters  is my    first step.

DESCRIPTION


In India millions of Railway passengers are buying reserved tickets
using cash / credit cards at the railway  booking offices   /  agents
or through internet./  mobile phones.
But buying an UNRESERVED TRAIN TICKET  is a nightmare  during peak
hours / holiday seasons/ week ends.


Given the huge number of mobile users with sufficient ENGLISH TEXTING
SKILLS we can make the people to define their unreserved  ticket
requirement easily in SMS by providing a customized template

FOR UNRESEVED TICKETS PURCHASE it is very easy, because it contains
only a few entries.

Name of the ORIGIN STATION      ……………………………………….

Name of the destination STATION  ………………………………………
Class of ticket I / II / A/C /

When the passenger enters the above information on the template
provided in the cell phone and sends the SMS to a specific number , he
should be issued a confirmation message



If need be a printed ticket can be given to the passenger from a
simple TICKET printer gadget.

{ YOU CAN SEE THESE KIND OF PRINTERS HUNG AROUND THE NECK OF   MANY A
BUS CONDUCTORS IN TAMILNADU  }




WHAT ARE THE ADVANTAGES OF THIS SYSTEM?

No need to handle cash.   ;

No need to stand in the QUEUE,

No need to POSITION A TICKETING CLERK

In short , the ATMs in the bank reduced our visits to the bank and
improved our life considerably.

 Like wise this mobile wallet will reduce the drudgery of cash
HANDLING and queue in our daily chores.

It can be extended to bus tickets purchase / utility /  grocery  /
payments  too.

SAVE KALINGARAYAN CANAL

	Feb 12, 2016, 3:48 PM

Let us   bring the attention of ERODE  people towards KALINGARAYAN CANAL,

Our children and grand children will not forgive us if we are going on neglecting the KALINGARAYAN CANAL, a long lasting ,  irrigation engineering marvel  built    7  centuries ago by our thoughtful forefathers.

If we are not taking   right steps atleast  now, we will  slowly and steadily convert it to a dangerous sewage drain just like the TWIN ODAIS (  ERODAI).

 Government  is making  great efforts  by constructing a  small canal along the Kalingarayan Canal  to carry away the sewage and liquid pollutants.  But , we, the very people living in this region should do our duty by caring for the health of this precious source of water.

To begin with,  we should bring the people   on its lovely banks  so that they will understand what is there, what is happening, what we can do  and what we should not do .

 We   can organize mini and full   Marathons, Walkathons, triathlons  ( swimming + cycling+ running )  Nadai Payanams, Pilgrim Yatras  ,  Bi – cycle rallies etc   with help  of    farmers,  NGOs,  water warriors,  pilgrim groups, educational institutions,  health  care establishments ,  willing  commercial enterprises,    trendy bi cycle companies ,  etc,      during   the water flowing seasons.  (To visually enjoy   gently flowing water, places of worship,  and the spectacularly beautiful, soul lifting   green fields).

For obvious  safety  reasons , during the dry seasons,  we can organize scooter / motor cycle  /  4 wheelers  rallies with the patronage  of  above mentioned entities  and  of course  automobile businesses.

Through out the year , we can encourage   people to use the stretch nearer  their homes / factories / offices for morning / evening walks.

Once people start use this path, Public toilets and street lightings will come up slowly  for the benefit of all.

MLA, MP FUNDS will also  follow.

SMART ERODE

FLY OVER near ERODE G H

A   good number of well meaning folks believe  that  the about to be built  4 DIRECTION FLY OVER near ERODE G.H will reduce the traffic congestion there.

But, their hope is based on mirage and illusion.

Because , despite numerous fly overs built  in CHENNAI and else where,  we have never seen easy and smooth passage of vehicles in congested urban centres.

The solution lies in reduction in number of vehicles and people  coming over there.

People are not coming there by choice.

They are forced to come through that congested place.

Then, what to do to solve this congestion?

We can do certain things with out single paisa investment. However, we need to do a lot of changes in our every day life.

1.      We should  motivate  educational  Institutions, public libraries to  evolve suitable timings for hassle free transport.

  By opening one hour earlier, the peak hour traffic jams can be managed in most of the
cases.

                           Let us consider the opening   of  the educational institutions by 07.00 a.m. onwards  ( well before morning peak hours ).

  They can complete the classes conveniently,  before the evening peak hours, say by  02.00 p.m. onwards

. If  second shift is considered, it can commence by 11.30 a.m. onwards. ( well after morning peak hours)
They can conclude the classes by 06.00 p.m. onwards

2.      Open   the Banks and financial institutions    ( and if possible  govt  offices  too  ) one hour earlier  and close them too one hour earlier. Their actual numbers may not be very large, but their influence is tremendous .

3.      Just like Railway  booking offices  and Head post offices, the public contact points of at least a few  Banks  &  financial institutions   and govt  offices  can work  7 days  a week (362  days) . Non policy issues, routine services  ( paying electricity bills, municipal taxes, getting a demand draft, registering birth /death  etc.)

4.      Charge  parking fees for all  MOTORISED TRANSPORT  vehicles  in  main public  roads according to their occupying space and time   ( Let us give the contract to local  body elected representatives  and their associates, so that they can earn their money legally)

5.      Encourage the usage of the CAUVERY  RIVER BARRAGE BRIDGES by providing    licenses / permits to Govt & Private bus / minibus / College Bus  operators. .  In fact they are the essential factors in our ring road concepts.

6.      Permit, develop, initiate, encourage  Bye – Pass services (  both  mofussil  & town buses).  Look at the   CONTINUING success of the age old ERODE GH – SPB colony  town bus service  and the  SALEM – COIMBATOE, SALEM – TIRUPUR mofussil  services )

7.      Provide Stoppages for some more trains  at SANKAGIRI, KODUMUDI, PERUNDURAI / ENGUR railway stations

8.      Provide  a stoppage for the YERCAUD  EXPRESS at CAUVERY R.S ( PALLIPALYAM / SPB and the neighbourhood area residents  will also be happy)

9.      As an aside, Permitting AUTO STANDS,  BUS STOPS, MINI BUS TERMINUS, SHARE AUTO
STAND, Two Wheeler parkings,  car parkings,  and   ATMs of BANKS at  the Railway Colony side of the   ERODE Railway Junction  will reduce the congestion at the  front side  and will generate
revenue for the railways without single paise investment.

.

Things to do with minimum investment  and maximum benefit.

First, relocate the BUS STAND to city outskirts.

Second, complete  the RING ROAD.

Third invest more in the IRTT medical college and hospitals   

 Finally, develop  the neighbourhood small towns’  Govt Hospitals, Primary Health Centres,  BUS STANDS, Whole Sale Markets of agricultural produces ( Chithode, Kavindapadi, Chennimalai, Kodumudi, Pallipalayam, Thindal, Perundurai etc) 

Ofcourse , the above remedies are applicable  universally.

Why not  ERODE   take a pioneering lead  in this generic problem of growing urban space ? 

>  Effective and Efficient  use of existing resources    in the    SALEM DIVISION  OF THE RAILWAY SYSTEM .

1.      In the Railway Colony side of the   ERODE Railway Station,
Permitting AUTO STANDS,  BUS STOPS, MINI BUS TERMINUS, SHARE AUTO
STAND, Two Wheeler parkings,  car parkings,  and   ATMs of BANKS  will
reduce the congestion at the station front side  and will generate
revenue for the railways without single paise investment.

Above all it will reduce the potential for accidents at station entry/exit.

2.       The   ERODE – COIMBATORE  passenger  train     leaves   ERODE BY
7.00AM AND RETURNS BY 8,30 PM AFTER MAKING TWO SHUTTLE TRIPS.  It can
very well be extended to SALEM  by starting it at  SALEM by 5.30 am
and terminating there by 10.00pm.    It will help both Tirupur  &
COIMBATORE bound PASSENGERS  from SALEM onwards and vice versa.
Further it will make the small railway stations more active with
regular  passengers  (Industrial workers , students , and  small scale
vendors )

3.  Similarly,  SALEM -     YESHVANTPUR    passenger train  can very
well start at ERODE  BY 4.30 AM  and terminated  by 11.00pm (It does
not involve any additional expenditure, no new space requirement ; 2
new   passenger services for  ERODE – SALEM SEGMENT)

4. The poorly patronised   ERODE – SALEM   segment of ERODE – METTUR
DAM        can be withdrawn  and it can serve as    METTUR DAM –SALEM
– VRIDDHACHALAM- CUDDALORE – METTUR DAM   operation. (Puducherry,
Chidambaram  passengers will also  use it will be near to them:
ofcourse NEYVELI  and Saint Ramalingasami’s Vadalore too )  Passengers
 from Erode onwards    can still use it by boarding the Erode –
Yeswantpur  passenger train.


5. The   ERODE  - TRICHY  passenger train  can easily  be extended
to Tanjaviur  by  starting it at Erode an hour earlier.    Further ,
by clubbing     NAGAPATTINAM / NAGORE/ ANNAI VELANKANNI./ KARIKAL  bound
services  with this ERODE – TRICHY train we can integrate seamlessly
the  WESTERN DISTRICTS  WITH EASTERN DISTRICTS  . Tourism  will
flourish. All religious pilgrims  {Hindus, Muslims, Christians )  will
bless the RAILWAYS with revenue.

6.  Erode – Tirunelveli   passenger service can be extended up  to
Trichendur. (  Let us get the benefit of the UNIGAUGE  SYSTEM:  Let us
get rid of the shackles of long gone METRE GAUGE )

7. ERODE –  JOLARPETTAI  SERVICE can be extended up to THIRUPATHI  


KINLY READ ON.

BYE-PASSING of the Coimbatore junction by long haul trains  and  the
railways proposal   for  DOUBLING THE IRUGUR - POTHANUR single
railway line is generating strong opposition from a  influential
section of people.

With due respects to them ,  I would like to  draw your attention to
the possible benefits  of the above plans.



Not long ago GANDHIPURAM is the only destination for all city buses,
mofussil buses, THIRUVALLVAR STATE EXPRESS BUSES and expensive but
comfortable OMNI buses. It was convenient to all stakeholders;
travelling public and their friends and relatives  who are sending
them off  / receiving them, both public and private bus operators and
their staff, Taxi / Auto drivers,  traders, lodging and boarding
houses ; almost all.


Then the Ukkadam, Singanallur, Mettupalayam mofussil bus stands  and
the OMNI bus stand near GP / ELLEN HOSPITALS were came into service.
Perhaps some more mofussil  bus stands may come up on AVINASHI ROAD (
peelamedu / kalapatti / CODDISIA )  and SATHY ROAD ( ganapathy). All
these new developments are not convenient to all sections of people.
Still we accepted it because of the inevitability of the change
necessitated by ever increasing crowd.


If we use same logic, then we will not only accept  but whole
heartedly welcome the   BYE-PASSING of the Coimbatore junction by long
haul trains  and  the railways proposal   for  DOUBLING THE IRUGUR -
POTHANUR single  railway line.


No TIER II city is so endowed with a super most energy efficient form
of Transport which is already available in our  Coimbatore. An MRTS

of ready availability !
 To realize this potential, We must get away from the mind set of
Gandhipuram, RS puram, Race course centered city growth. Let us think
of Avinashi to Mettupalayam, Sathy to Pollachi, and Palakadu to
Somanur as part of Coimbatore Mega city
 We must treat Pothanur Railway Junction as  THE COIMBATORE DISTRICT
 ( or)  GREATER COIMBATORE DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY JUNCTION for all the
Traffic passing through Coimbatore (Tirupur to Palakad and beyond
Traffic).   What is the point in   routing these long haul trains
through Singanallur, peelamedu etc.  to Coimbatore city junction
(without any stoppages  enroute ) consuming fuel, space, time  (of
both passengers and railways ) without any tangible / intangible
benefit to the common city folks, except the harassing / harassed
shopkeepers and the taxi / auto operators.
Frankly speaking, What is our problem with the Pothanur Railway
Junction? Lack of connectivity,  is it not?  It is not at all a
problem : rather it is a golden opportunity to   develop  a new  Bus
terminus near Pothanur Junction  with town buses,  mini buses, share
autos, ordinary autos, call taxies etc.  for the hassle free travel of
railway passengers boarding / alighting at pothanur. In effect , we
will have a satellite railway junction immediately  without any mega
investment.
 Thus freed railway line capacity between Irugur and Coimbatore
Junction via Singanallur and Peelamedu can be used for city commuter
traffic. THIS WILL BENEFIT ALL COIMBATOREANS (RESIDENTS AND VISITORS)
 It is not that we should abandon the Coimbatore junction. Rather, we
must make it more passenger friendly and congestion free for
Coimbatore city folks. Let us be very clear that all the trains
originating and terminating at Coimbatore junction should continue to
do so. Further, all the Coimbatore bound trains must stop at Irugur,
Singanallur, Peelamedu, Coimbatore North and some more stations/halts
to be created in proximity with Avinashi road (near CIT / CMC /
CODDISIA / IT PARKS), Avaram palayam Road ( near Sri Ramakrishna
Hospital),   Sathy Road (near Aswin Hospitals / Textool)  and a few
more if demand is there. In effect, it will make a significant segment
of the Coimbatore city roads free from traffic congestion. Especially,
it will make the Coimbatore junction    people friendly  and crowds
will be manageable. Also it will improve the connectivity and thereby
increase the  value of the residential / commercial / industrial
properties along the IRUGUR-PEELAMEDU-North Coimbatore railway line.
It will benefit not only the Coimbatore citizens but also the
frequently visiting populations from Palladam, Tirupur, Erode and
Salem, Palakadu, Mettupalayam etc, too.  And some more COIMBATORE
terminating  trains (both from Tirupur and Palakkadu ) can be extended
up to Mettupalayam so that we can reduce the enormous road traffic in
the Mettupalayam High way.  By applying the same principle, we can
serve commuters from Pollachi side too,  once the gauge conversion is
completed.

Perhaps,  Railway administration can discuss these ideas in
appropriate forums. { Coimbatore city corporation,  District
Administration, Railway  user groups, Educational Institutions, Trade
unions, CII and the likes, media (both print and electronic )
CODDISSIA, SIMA, SITRA etc.etc }

METTUPALAYAM ( Tamil Nadu ) - CHAMRAJ NAGAR ( Karnataka ) connecting NEW RAILWAY LINE project is not in the newspapers for long time.

METTUPALAYAM ( Tamil Nadu ) - CHAMRAJ NAGAR ( Karnataka ) connecting NEW RAILWAY LINE project is not in the newspapers for long time. Atleast here, NO NEWS IS NOT GOODNEWS. This project is being kept in abeyance for decades due to the just opposition from the concerned environment groups. There are even newspaper reports about the SUPREME COURT appointed environment experts committee’s opposition to this project. But it is high time to revisit this matter and rethink about the potential damages to the possible hazards to environment. Surely, any human activity, at this level, in the forests , will definitely do harm to the environment. But, on the other hand, by not taking up and implementing this railway project, we are actually and increasingly do more harm to the environment. Because, as it is NOT A NO GO ZONE, due to the lack of railway connectivity, the only mode of transportation is road, which is more damaging to the environment than the railways, in terms of fuel consumption & pollution, frequent accidents, increased man - animal conflicts etc. THE RAILWAY LINE CAN BE BUILT ALONG THE EXISTING ROAD CONNECTIVITY WITH LEAST DAMAGE TO THE ENVIRONMENT. In railway being, a central govt establishment with more than a century and half expertise, we can have better compliance with environment norms. From the experience gained from the not so past gruesome, horrible, sad fatal accidents involving the majestic elephants throughout our vast nation including southern railways, we can surely build elephant friendly modern railway lines with better safeguards and easy pathways for the animals. It is time the railway activists and the railway administration to step up the individual and collective efforts to build this railway line to protect our environment.

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS PROPAGATION - role of technical education institutions

ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS PROPAGATION - role of technical education institutions We, technical education institutions , need to be proactive in the ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT KNOWLEDGE PROPAGATION and the associated SKILLS & PRACTICES DEVELOPMENT. We have the necessary organizational framework, basic technical knowledge, skilled people & interested pupils. For example, we can monitor rain fall, ambient atmospheric temperature, humidity, wind speed etc. on regular basis and record it too. What we need is a set of user friendly robust gadgets. They are readily available in the market. They can be procured and supplied by AICTE / ISTE /DIRECTORATES TECHNICAL EDUCATION / UGC and other similar bodies on cost basis. Further Bio , solar, wind energy equipments, ECO FRIENDLY TOILETS, Energy conservation systems etc. can be installed and demonstrated of their viability in the campus itself. The pupils of the host institution and the neighborhood community will become the ambassadors of these environment friendly energy resources.. What we need is an action plan to implement this ENERGY & ENVIRONMENT KNOWLEDGE & SILLS PROPAGATION programme. Obviously AICTE / ISTE /DIRECTORATES TECHNICAL EDUCATION / UGC and other similar bodies can play a catalytic role in this nation building mission. forAn Eco-friendly Solution for Human Waste Management Mr S Radhakrishnan, Director, Directorate of Industry Interface & Technology Management (DIITM), DRDO HQ, Rajaji Marg, New Delhi – 110011 • Ph No - 011-23013209 • Fax – 011-23793008 • Email- radkrishnan100@gmail.com • Col Atul Kumar Bhat, Jt Dir, DIITM • Ph No - 011-23007443, 9582705986 • Email- atulshubhra@gmail.com • Mr Nirankar Saxena, Senior Director, FICCI Federation House, Tansen Marg, New Delhi • Ph No - 09811839174 • Email- nirankar.saxena@ficci.com For SOLAR energy systems STUDENTS PLASTIC INITIATIVE We are all fed up with the discarded plastics. They spoil our mother earth. They clog our waterways. They are ugly. They cause painful death for animals both in the land and in water too. What we can do apart from cursing it? COLLECT PLASTIC ; SAVE EARTH Plastic items are so embedded in our every day life, it is practically impossible, to get rid of them in our world. Alternates are neither comfortable nor affordable. There are some ways and means to tackle this ever burgeoning problem. For example, a good amount of WASTE PLASTIC can be used in an environment friendly way if it is collected from households regularly and shred in to pieces which can be blended with hot asphalt (tar) to build better roads. And there are some more good examples in recycling them. The problem is contamination free collection of plastic waste at large volumes on a regular basis . Here comes the student power. We all know the students’ tremendous contribution in polio eradication, tree plantings, reduction of illiteracy, spreading socially necessary messages through rallies, distribution of any thing & every thing, crowd control, election booth queue regulation, blood donation, collection of new and sparsely used dresses, utensils, food items etc., for distribution to the people affected by natural calamities and many, many more. Already we have armies of well organized, nation wide student movements like NCC, NSS, YRC, SCOUTS & GUIDES, ROTRACT/ LEO/ JAYCEES CLUBS and their likes. Students can be motivated to collect ( from their own homes and from their neighbourhoods ) and bring the Plastic items to their classes periodically (say once a week ) where they can be collected enmasse, segregated scientifically, and sold for recyclers / Road builders. To keep it as an ongoing and sustainable mission, the collecting students must be recognized duly, rewarded monetarily and appreciated periodically in public. Demonstrate the benefits of ACTIVE MOBILITY ( WALKING & CYCLING ) Let us make the campus AUTOMOBILE FREE for individual students & staff too. Let us motivate them to walk and cycle with in the campus and venture outside too. In many states, students are given free laptops. (In states Tamil Nadu & Bihar , school students are given free bi-cycles ). AICTE / ISTE may recommend the governments (central & state ) to distribute bi cycles to the students. To begin with girl students, then NCC, NSS, YRC etc. can be offered free bi -cycles. Then the scheme can be extended to every one.